In view of the problems of difficult control of surrounding rock stability and frequent disasters during the mining of thick and hard overburden roof working face passing through faults. This paper adopts theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field test to study the characteristics of overlying rock migration and the dynamic evolution law of surrounding rock stress during the working face passing through faults. A collaborative prevention and control technology of "fracture-injection-discharge-support" is proposed for the working face passing through faults. Research has shown that as the size of coal between the working face and the fault plane decreases, the risk of instability caused by the sliding of thick and hard roof along the fault plane increases. There is a stress barrier effect on the fault plane, with an increased stress zone in the hanging wall area and a decreased stress zone in the footwall wall area. The working face passing through a fault is divided into five periods, fault stationary period, fault activation period, fault movement period, fault stress release period, and fault stability period. Before the fault movement period, the coordinated measures of rock unloading and solidification are adopted in stages, which can improve the stress distribution environment of the surrounding rock and the structure of the surrounding rock in the mining site, effectively reduce the mining pressure and impact dynamic manifestation of the working face, improve the stability of the surrounding rock in the fault area, and achieve safe and smooth passage of the thick and hard overlying rock roof working face through the fault.